Review





Similar Products

gene exp il4 mm00445259 m1  (Thermo Fisher)
99
Thermo Fisher gene exp il4 mm00445259 m1
Gene Exp Il4 Mm00445259 M1, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/gene exp il4 mm00445259 m1/product/Thermo Fisher
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
gene exp il4 mm00445259 m1 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
il 4  (Genecopoeia)
94
Genecopoeia il 4
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Il 4, supplied by Genecopoeia, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/il 4/product/Genecopoeia
Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
il 4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
94/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
plasmid pcmv6 xl5mod il4 nm 000589  (OriGene)
95
OriGene plasmid pcmv6 xl5mod il4 nm 000589
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Plasmid Pcmv6 Xl5mod Il4 Nm 000589, supplied by OriGene, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/plasmid pcmv6 xl5mod il4 nm 000589/product/OriGene
Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
plasmid pcmv6 xl5mod il4 nm 000589 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
95/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
cmv il4  (Jackson Laboratory)
86
Jackson Laboratory cmv il4
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Cmv Il4, supplied by Jackson Laboratory, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/cmv il4/product/Jackson Laboratory
Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
cmv il4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
86/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
sino biological 51084 mnae  (Sino Biological)
95
Sino Biological sino biological 51084 mnae
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Sino Biological 51084 Mnae, supplied by Sino Biological, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/sino biological 51084 mnae/product/Sino Biological
Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
sino biological 51084 mnae - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
95/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
gene exp il4 hs00174122 m1  (Thermo Fisher)
99
Thermo Fisher gene exp il4 hs00174122 m1
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Gene Exp Il4 Hs00174122 M1, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/gene exp il4 hs00174122 m1/product/Thermo Fisher
Average 99 stars, based on 1 article reviews
gene exp il4 hs00174122 m1 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
99/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
interleukin 4  (Sino Biological)
94
Sino Biological interleukin 4
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Interleukin 4, supplied by Sino Biological, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/interleukin 4/product/Sino Biological
Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
interleukin 4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
94/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier
mouse il  (Sino Biological)
92
Sino Biological mouse il
6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated <t>with</t> <t>IL-4</t> and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.
Mouse Il, supplied by Sino Biological, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/mouse il/product/Sino Biological
Average 92 stars, based on 1 article reviews
mouse il - by Bioz Stars, 2026-06
92/100 stars
  Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated with IL-4 and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.

Journal: Hepatology Communications

Article Title: Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, ameliorates hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury through upregulating metabolite 6-ketoLCA

doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000916

Figure Lengend Snippet: 6-ketoLCA upregulated by Arrb2 in hepatocytes promotes M2 macrophage polarization, alleviating hepatic IRI. (A–E) Liver and serum samples from liver-specific Arrb2-CKO and WT mice with or without 6-ketoLCA treatment after I/R (n=6). (A) HE and TUNEL staining were analyzed microscopically. Scale bar: 200 μm; Suzuki score and necrosis area were examined. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bile acid metabolite 6-ketoLCA in liver tissue. (C) Liver function levels (ALT, AST, TBA, GGT) were analyzed between groups. (D) qRT-PCR analysis of mouse liver tissue mRNA expression for inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (E) iNOS, CD86, CD206, and CD163 expression in PMMs was assessed by WB analysis. (F) The CCK8 assay measured the viability of RAW264.7 cells exposed to varying concentrations and durations of 6-ketoLCA (n=3). (G, I) Co-culture of RAW264.7 and AML12 cells. (G) ELISA for culture medium supernatant inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β). (I) BCL2, BAX, and GAPDH expression in AML12 cells was assessed by WB analysis. (H, J) Flow cytometry detected the proportions of M1 (CD86, PE) and M2 (CD206, APC) macrophages treated with IL-4 and 6-ketoLCA. The ratio of M1/M2 macrophages was measured. All results are presented as mean ± SD, and statistical significance was assessed. * p <0.05, ** p <0.01, and *** p <0.001. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CKO, conditional knockout; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; IRI, ischemia–reperfusion injury; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; PMMs, primary mouse macrophages; TBA, total bile acids; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick-end labeling; WB, western blotting; WT, wild type.

Article Snippet: RAW264.7 were cultured in 10% FBS RPMI-1640 medium with 6-ketoLCA (100 ng/mL) and IL-4 (20 ng/mL) to induce polarization to M2-like macrophage. shRNA targeting TGR5 (GeneCopoeia, Rockville, MD, USA) was transfected into RAW264.7 cells utilizing Lipofectamine 3000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) in accordance with the manufacturer’s protocol to achieve TGR5 knockdown.

Techniques: TUNEL Assay, Staining, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, CCK-8 Assay, Co-Culture Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Knock-Out, Reverse Transcription, Polymerase Chain Reaction, End Labeling, Western Blot